![]() The veterinary community has made significant advances in the areas of treatment and rehabilitation. During this period, numerous bits of information have emerged about the causative organisms, their lifecycles, hosts and transmission. These findings suggest that the single ELISA based on the trivalent rSnSAG2/4/3 will provide serologic and diagnostic results that are highly comparable to the consensus of the 2 independent ELISAs based on rSnSAG2 and rSnSAG4/3. Equine protozoal myelo-encephalitis (EPM) has been a prominent neurological disease of horses for nearly 15 years. Equine Protozoal Myeloencephalitis (EPM). Importantly, comparing the diagnostic interpretation of the serum-to-CSF titer ratios yielded a Cohen kappa value of 0.77. Therefore as shown in this experiment the data shows that Sarcocystis is much more common then Neospora. When the rSnSAG2 and rSnSAG4/3 consensus serum-to-CSF titer ratio was compared to the rSnSAG2/4/3 serum-to-CSF titer ratio, the Spearman correlation coefficient was ρ = 0.87, again signifying strong agreement. In our patients, if there is a suspicion of EPM, we would submit a blood antibody titer (Western Blot) to rule in or out the disease. When the consensus antibody titers obtained with the rSnSAG2 and rSnSAG4/3 ELISAs were compared to the single SAG2/4/3 ELISA titers, Spearman rank correlation coefficients of ρ = 0.74 and ρ = 0.90 were obtained for serum and CSF, respectively, indicating strong agreement between the tests. Paired serum and CSF from 163 horses were tested with all 3 ELISAs. A Western blot test gives a reading of positive or negative as to the presence of antibodies in the serum or CSF fluid, but it does not quantify the extent. “To achieve reliable antibody detection with a single ELISA instead of 2 separate ELISAs, rSnSAG2 was fused with rSnSAG4/3 into a single trivalent protein, designated rSnSAG2/4/3. Only laboratory diagnostic tests for EPM, cryptosporidiosis, and giardiasis were included.
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